GLOSSARY

Advantage: Is a quality or condition that helps a company succeed.

Affordable: Something that is affordable is not too expensive to buy.

Approach: To approach means to move nearer to something or someone.

Assembly line: An assembly line is a group of machines and people in factory that work together to build a product.

Asset: Is any item economic value which is owned by a company or individual.

Aware: If you are aware of something, you know a little about it.

Benchmarking: Is a method of investigating successful techniques in an industry and comparing them to one’s own business.

Boost: something is to increase it.

Core value: A company’s core values are good qualities that the company wants to maintain when doing business.

Criteria: Rules, standards and tests used in evaluation and decision making are criteria.

Debt: is the amount you take away from or attack.

Detractor: is a person criticizes something.

Downturn: is a period of time when economic activity is not as strong.

Edge: An edge is a quality or condition that helps a company succeed.

Endeavor: To endeavor means to work hard in order to do something.

Entrepreneurship: Is the ability and willingness to start and manage a new business.

Esteemed: If someone is esteemed, he or she is respected by others.

Flop: Flop is to fail.

Foothold: Is a position that supports a company’s further development or expansion.

Gaffe: Is a mistake in a social situation.

Gap: Is a space, or a place where nothing exists.

Gel: Is to work well together and have a friendly relationship.

Grant: is money that someone gives to help with a specific project.

Issue: is an important matter.

Liability: is a deb that a company must pay.

Unit 15 Global Trade

Task 8. Writing

There is a World Trade Organization (WTO) Ministerial Conference taking place in London this week. These things are pretty controversial, there are those that say the WTO has too much power, for example a nation's laws mustn't violate the WTO's laws. Also the WTO can place trade sanctions on member countries if they violate a law. But without the WTO trade would only be regulated by trade deals made between countries, though it might be possible for other governments to put their own trade sanctions on a country that violated any agreements. And the WTO helps developing countries establish trade with industrialized nations, boosting the trade of all involved. It also ensures that global business between nations is equal and fair.

Unit 14 Global Economy

Task 7. Writting

A: Professor. I'm Derek Swam, from 'Market News'. Do

you have a minute?

B: Oh yes, I can spare a few minutes to talk.

A: Do you think that your lecture was well received?

B: Yes, the audience seemed interested in what I

had to say about the global economy.

A: And does global commerce always benefit a

country?

B: Well, there are some downsides to globalization.

But the good usually outweighs the bad.

A: Can you give me an example of one of the

downsides?

B: Well, in some industrialized countries globalization

has led to loss of employment. But I'd prefer you

not to mention that in your article.

A: That's OK. I have plenty of other material.

Task 8. Writing

How globalization affects the world economy: it leads to increased economic output in many

places, which in turn leads to a higher standard of living. Why global trade benefits countries:

global trade allows developing countries to trade with industrialized nations. This can help

increase gross domestic product, reduce national debts and consumers may also benefit by

getting goods at lower prices. Why global trade makes countries dependent on each other:

once countries start buying and selling things between each other this means that the

decisions of consumers in one country make on what to buy have an effect in the other

country, even if it is very far away.

Unit 13 Innovation

Task 7. Speaking

Hi Mike. How did the focus group for the new Shelbourne ad go?

B: It went well, Nancy.

A: Great!

B: But there were some things the participants didn't like about it.

A: Oh ... I thought it was really innovative. What didn't they like?

B: Well, the target audience for the product is adults over forty, right?

A: Yes, that's right. Most young people wouldn't be interested in that type of vehicle.

B: Ok, well, some of them thought the ad was too edgy

Task 8. Writing

There are many different ways that a company can market itself creatively. It can use social

networking sites instead of its own website to provide a more interesting and better targeted

online presence. Another possibility is to organize events like workshops or conferences.

Perhaps gifts could be given away at these events that bear the company logo. Another way is

to allow customers and suppliers to see who they are actually dealing with by putting photos

or videos

Unit 12 Competition

Task 7. Writing

A: Hello. I just received your email about needing

new strategic goals.

B: Yes. This company was at the top of the industry,

but we're no longer dominant. That needs to change.

A: I agree completely.

B: I'm glad to have your support Belen. I know the

other board members value your opinion.

A: The email says that you and the company vice-

presidents have formulated a plan to achieve this?

B: Yes, we've been working on it for a month now.

A: I had no idea that you've been thinking about it

that long.

B: Well, I wanted to make sure the goals were feasible

before presenting them to the board of directors.

Unit 11 Business Strategy

Task 7 Speaking

B: Yes. This company was at the top of the industry, but we're no longer dominant. That needs to change.

A: I agree completely.

B: I'm glad to have your support Belen. I know the other board members value your opinion.

A: The email says that you and the company vicepresidents have formulated a plan to achieve this?

B: Yes, we've been working on it for a month now.

A: I had no idea that you've been thinking about it that long.

B: Well, I wanted to make sure the goals were feasible before presenting them to the board of directors.

Task 8. Writing

An IT guy sending a reminder that all passwords need to be updated every 60 days.

An Office Manager reminding people to put all dishes in the sink by the end of the day.

A CEO explaining a new bonus policy.

A VP telling their division they’re falling behind for the year and need to meet certain numbers.

Unit 10 Achieving Perfection

Task 7 Speaking

B: Hi Peter. What were the results from the benchmarking study?

A: We got great results. In fact, we're better than our competition.

B: That's great news. But how can you be sure?

A: I compared production numbers. We're a smaller company so naturally produce smaller amounts overall.

B: I see. But why is that better?

A: Because we're way more efficient. We spend about a quarter of our budget on production. But the bigger competitors spend almost twice that.

B: I see. They produce more overall, but our methods save more money than theirs.

A: Exactly. In fact, the quality management standards on our production line could be applied elsewhere.

B: How so?

A: I noticed it while checking the internal benchmarks. As efficient as our production line is, our marketing department needs work.

B: So what are you suggesting?

A: We take the production best practices and apply them to the marketing department.

Task 8 Writing.

Anthea, We have recently completed our benchmarking study and the results are very encouraging. We are way more efficient than our larger competitors. We can see this because we only spend about 25% of our budget on production compared to almost 50% by our competitors. So even though they produce more overall, our methods save more money than theirs. The report also considered some internal benchmarks. Although our production line is very efficient the marketing department is not so good. The report suggests that we can improve the company further by taking the production best practices and applying them to the marketing department. Martin

Unit 9 Quality Standards

Task 7. Speaking

A: Have you had a chance to read the guidelines yet?

B: I have, but they're a bit confusing.

A: Just try to focus on the areas that apply to our industry. It addresses plastics in section seven.

B: Great, thank you.

A: Any other questions before we get going?

B: Yeah, actually. I'm just working on the assembly line. But I'm responsible for monitoring statutory requirements?

A: Actually, that's the manager's responsibility. Making sure we're in compliance with all regulations, have our permits ...

B: But I have to know about it anyway?

A: We find that it helps things run smoothly if everyone understands what we have to do and why.

B: OK. One last question. How long does this certification last?

A: It lasts for 5 years.

Task 8. Writing

We take great pride in the quality of our work. All new employees must learn about the guidelines published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) that apply to our field. You must learn about these things to ensure that our company remains In compliance with all the statutes regulating our industry and to maintain the highest quality standards. You need to focus on the areas that apply to our industry. Plastics are addressed in section seven. We are all responsible for every product that leaves our factory. Every employee must complete a course and will get certification when you complete the course.

Unit 8 Sales

B: I saw this flyer for a sales seminar and I think it would benefit our team.

 A: Mm, these things are expensive. Do you think it's necessary?

B: Well. We have some salespeople who haven't generated an appointment in months. Clearly, they need to adjust their pitches somehow.

 A: Yes, good point. But isn't that something that we can do in-house?

B: We could try. But I think they would benefit from some practice with other professionals.

 A: I see. Well, if you think it's worth it, go ahead. But this brings up some other concerns.

 B: What's that?

 A: I need to know if our sales team can manage our existing accounts.

B: Well, some of our key contacts have shown some resistance to our latest sales drives. But we haven't lost any accounts.

 A: Do we need to bring in new personnel?

 B: Not yet. Let's see if the seminars help.

Task 8. Writing

Your Name
Name of Your Organization
Address
Date
Name of Client
Client's Address
Salutation/Greetings
Dear Ms./Mr. (addressee), or To whomsoever it may concern

The introductory paragraph of the letter should start with a sentence that grabs the attention of the reader. Then go ahead to thank the reader for the interest that he/she has shown in the product that you are selling, or the services that your organization provides, and convey the benefits and incentives that a client or consumer of the company will be eligible for.

Unit 7 Finance

Task 7 Speaking.

A:Have you completed the financial report for this quarter?

 B: Yes, here it is, income is here on the left, and expenditure is on the right.

 A: How do our earnings compare to last quarter?

B: Well, they're up from the last quarter, but we actually suffered a net loss over the three months. A: A loss? Why is that?

B: We updated the computer systems. It was pretty expensive.

 A: Oh yes, of course. B: But I expect us to make a profit in the next quarter. We'll finally collect the revenue from the Hilton project.

 A: And with any luck we'll get that small business grant too.

B: It could be a very good quarter for us.

A: Could you come up with an estimate for the upcoming quarter? I'd like to show that to the board.

 B: No problem. But there's no guarantee that we'll have a profit.

Task 8. Writing

The toxic waste has leaked into the local reservoir, which provides water to 2.7 million residents. Initial estimates are that cancer and birth defect rates may quadruple over the next decade.

If the company doesn't take action to mitigate the damage and clean up the contamination, potential losses from liability claims could top $7 million.

Unit 6 Marketing

Task 7.  Speaking.

B: Have you had any thoughts about marketing strategies for the new cream?

 A: Definitely. I've been thinking a lot about our prospective buyers.

 B: So. What ... women of a certain age?

A: Not necessarily. My research shows that men are becoming more interested in certain products.

B: That's good news for us. Yes?

A: Yeah, I think that's where our competitors go wrong. They mostly target women.

B: But you think we could target men?

A: I do, widen the market so to speak.

 B: That's a very interesting idea.

A: Of course, it means we may need to explore new avenues for advertising.

B: And I assume we'd need new distribution channels too.

A: Probably, I thought we might stock the cream in supermarkets as well as the usual pharmacists and on line.

B: Good thinking. Any thoughts on packaging?

Task 8. Writing

1. Publish Great Content. I don’t think I even need to say this, but it’d be neglectful not to mention the importance of kick-ass content. If you can create it yourself, all the better (isn’t free always better?). Even if writing isn’t your strong point, you shouldn’t have too much trouble getting someone on your team to crank out some articles for your blog. Try top 10 lists, tip collections, best practices for your industry, etc. I shared a bunch of creative content marketing ideas here, and Elisa recently rewrote the rules of content marketing for small businesses.

Unit 5 Production

Task 7. Speaking

B: I spent two years with a manufacturer of machine parts.

A: What did you do there?

 B: My role was to oversee the assembly line and keep output levels high.

A: Were you involved in quality control?

 B: Yes. Actually, I managed those operations. I'm pleased to say that when I was manager, product recall fell by 37 percent.

A: Congratulations, that's impressive. How did you accomplish that?

 B: I brought in some lean manufacturing measures.

A: Well, we're very interested in that type of change. Tell me, where you responsible for any other duties? B: Of course. I also had to purchase raw materials and avoid shortages.

A: And how did you decide what materials to go with?

B: I just made sure that we met the specifications our clients wanted.

A: I see. And did you conference with clients? B: No. I didn't work on that side of the business

Task 8.Writing. You are applying for a job company. Write a covering letter outlining your skills and experience. Talk about:

·         How long you have worked in manufacturing

·         What your duties were at your last job

·         What other skills or experience you have

Your Name Lila Margarita
Your Address C. Mango Mza 38 Lte 11
Your City, State Zip Code 23436
Your Phone Number 62421379967
Your Email lila.margarita.97ca@gmail.com       

Name Starbucks
Title Coordinator
Organization
Address
City, State Zip Code 23400

Dear Mr./Ms. Last Name:  Mr. Victoria

I am interested in the Coordinator position advertised on SBX-APP. My resume is enclosed for your review. Given my related experience and excellent capabilities, I would appreciate your consideration for this job opening. My skills are an ideal match for this position.

Unit 4 Team Building

Task 7. Speaking.

 With a partner, act out the roles below, based on the dialogue from Task 6. Then suich roles.

B: I guess that's worth a shot. We need someone who takes charge.

A coordinator.

A: I agree. But we only want one. We don't need two people arguing over what to do next.

B: Good call. Let's use Bob.

A: But Bob tends to be too focused on planning, don't you think?

B: So we'll pair him up with someone who can get work done fast.

A: Fair enough. What do you think of Sonya? She's pretty efficient.

B: I like her as an implementer, yes. So we have a leader and a hard worker - what else do we need?

A: I'd say we need a plant. Somebody creative. Our client wants a really attractive page

Task 8. Writing.

You are a project manager. Write a memo to your company manager stating who you want in you team. Talk about:

How many people you want

Which skills are important for your project

Who you want in your team and why

Writting

To: Comstock Staff

From: Tom Pearson, Manager, District Five

Regarding: New Incoming Manager, Geraldine Hines

Dear Comstock Staff: Beginning March 15, 2018, you will have a new District Five Regional Manager. After 35 years of continuous service, I am leaving all of you to pursue an exciting future.

It has been my pleasure to train my successor, Geraldine Hines, this past year. Geraldine has demonstrated that she shares the company vision to be the employer of choice here in the Valley of the Sun. I am confident that she will lead all of you into the stratosphere as we merge our call centers and expand our donor site availability.

Please give Geraldine the same level of excellence you have given to me, to our staff and to our donors.

Sincerely.

Tom Pearson, Outgoing Manager, District Five

Unit 3 Management Style

Task 7.Speaking  With a partner, act out the roles below, base don the dialogue from Task 6. Then Switch roles.

Use language such as:

Do you have a complaint about one of the managers?

Can you give me an example?

I know everyone really likes...

A: Do you have a complaint about one of the managers?

 B: Well, it's not really a complaint. It's just that Ms. Henry is so, I don't know, distant.

 A: You mean she's hard to approach?

B: Exactly. And when you do, she doesn't really listen to what you have to say.

 A: Can you give me and example?

 B: Sure. Just last week I suggested to her that we email documents instead of printing them. It would save a lot of money. But Ms. Henry didn't even comment on it.

 A: Hmm. Thanks for letting me know. I don't imagine that does much for morale, does it?

B: Oh, it's not so bad. In fact, I know everyone really likes Mr. Tracey's management style.

A: What is it about him that people like?

B: He listens. He lets us contribute.

A: So he's a bit more democratic than Ms Henry?

Task 8. Writing

 You are a business owner. Write a memo to one of your managers suggesting that he or she adopt a new management style (100-120 words). Talk about:

·         What the employee’s complaints about the manager’s style are

·         Why it is important to change the management style

·         Which management style you recommend

·         Why you recommend this style

From: Lila Cruz

To: Mrs. Peter

Hello Mrs. Peter.

The main for this text is that I need say some thinks very important to improve the produccion, you need to be more like a leader and not like a boss. I mean you have to give the example for every act.

These tips for you are to improve as your job, as the results on the work.

Unit 2 Business in different cultures

Task 7 - Speaking.- With a partner, act out the roles below, based on the dialogue from Task 6. Then switch roles. 

Use language such as:

·                     Are you ready for your business trip?

·                     I'm sacred I'm going to ...

·                     It's customary to ...

A: I've been reading up on Japanese etiquette. It's got me worried.

B: What are you worried about?

A: It's full of pitfalls! I'm scared I'm going to make some terrible social gaffe.

B: I'm sure that if you're careful of your manners you'll be fine.

A: That's not the point. Good manners in Japan are different from manners here. Sometimes they're the complete opposite!

B: Like what?

A: Well, here you make eye contact when you shake hands. In Japan that's rude.

B: Really? I wasn't aware of that.

A: And it's customary to give gifts to your hosts, but there are so many gifts that can be offensive.

B: Like what?

A: Let me see. Here it says avoid giving white flowers, and don't give anything linked to the number four because it's unlucky!

B: So, what gifts are you going to take?

A: Well, the guide says people normally thank others for their hospitality by giving candies.

B: Then you should buy something nice from the candy shop on the corner.

A: Yes. Great idea

Task 8.- You are writing a guide for business people visitng your country. Using the guide and the conversation from Task 7, write a guide to ettiquete (100 - 120 words). Talk about:

·                     What is customary for people to do when they greet each other

·                     What people should be aware of during meals.

·                     What sorts of gifts are appropiate.

Etiquette guide for business people When people greet each other in the USA it is customary to address them by their title and surname and ask them how they are. If it is someone you are meeting for the first time then you should shake their hands and say "Pleased to meet you". If you go out for, say, a business lunch then generally you can eat as much as you like. However, if you are invited into someone's home for a meal you should try and leave your plate empty. Gifts are not expected but a small gift, like some flowers, would be appreciated.